農(nong)機(ji)化示范縣、示范園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)是寧夏區(qu)(qu)(qu)農(nong)機(ji)化技術推廣的重要(yao)平臺，自(zi)(zi)2008年啟動實施(shi)以來，取得了顯著(zhu)成效。2011年，我區(qu)(qu)(qu)圍繞自(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)優(you)勢(shi)特色(se)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展，結合自(zi)(zi)治區(qu)(qu)(qu)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)“三大示范區(qu)(qu)(qu)”建(jian)設(she)，加大了園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)力(li)度，加強了園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)技術指導，強化了園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)監督檢(jian)查力(li)度，園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)工作(zuo)得到農(nong)業(ye)(ye)部的肯定(ding)和認(ren)可。在(zai)8月30至(zhi)31日召開(kai)的全國農(nong)機(ji)化技術推廣工作(zuo)會(hui)議上，我站(zhan)就園(yuan)區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)工作(zuo)在(zai)會(hui)上做了大會(hui)經驗(yan)交流發言。

　　2011年11月28日至29日，寧夏(xia)農機(ji)化技術推廣(guang)站組(zu)織有關專家對2011年農機(ji)化示范縣(xian)、示范園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)建設情(qing)況進(jin)行了全面考(kao)評驗(yan)收，驗(yan)收工作結(jie)合進(jin)一(yi)步營造風清(qing)氣正(zheng)的(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代農業發展環(huan)境活(huo)動開展，一(yi)改過去對各(ge)地分別驗(yan)收的(de)方法，將項目實施(shi)單(dan)位(wei)集中(zhong)在一(yi)起，采取PPT匯報、專家評審、現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)答疑(yi)、現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)評分的(de)形(xing)式進(jin)行。即體現(xian)(xian)(xian)了園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)建設公(gong)平(ping)公(gong)開公(gong)正(zheng)的(de)原則，又促(cu)進(jin)了各(ge)地爭先創優(you)和園(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)建設工作交流。

　　據統(tong)計(ji)(ji)，2011年全區農(nong)機(ji)化示(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)縣(xian)、區縣(xian)共建(jian)(jian)農(nong)機(ji)化示(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)區建(jian)(jian)設總面(mian)積(ji)195.1萬畝，超計(ji)(ji)劃完成(cheng)6%。其中：示(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)縣(xian)示(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)輻射(she)面(mian)積(ji)174萬畝，超額(e)完成(cheng)3.3%；區縣(xian)共建(jian)(jian)農(nong)機(ji)化示(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)區建(jian)(jian)設面(mian)積(ji)21萬畝，超額(e)完成(cheng)39%，園(yuan)(yuan)區內(nei)關鍵環節(jie)機(ji)械化作業水平均達到了(le)100%，其它環節(jie)機(ji)械化作業水平在80%以上。示(shi)(shi)范(fan)(fan)園(yuan)(yuan)區呈現出(chu)了(le)農(nong)機(ji)、農(nong)藝、畜牧項(xiang)目疊加(jia)建(jian)(jian)設的可(ke)喜局面(mian)。

　　從(cong)馬鈴薯機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)化示范園(yuan)區試驗情(qing)況看，在種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)環節(jie)：與(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)人(ren)(ren)畜(chu)力種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)相比，機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)化、標(biao)準化、規模(mo)化種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)出苗率提高16%，畝增(zeng)產5%～20%，機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)化種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)效(xiao)率是人(ren)(ren)畜(chu)力種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)10倍以上(shang)(shang)，機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)化種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)畝節(jie)本(ben)80元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)左(zuo)右，畝節(jie)本(ben)增(zeng)效(xiao)綜合經濟效(xiao)益(yi)160元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以上(shang)(shang)；在收獲環節(jie)：與(yu)傳(chuan)統(tong)人(ren)(ren)畜(chu)力作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)相比，機(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)收獲減少漏挖損失率4%以上(shang)(shang)，畝減少破損損失約(yue)30公斤/畝，畝節(jie)約(yue)挖掘作(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)成本(ben)70元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以上(shang)(shang)，畝節(jie)本(ben)增(zeng)效(xiao)綜合經濟效(xiao)益(yi)130元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以上(shang)(shang)。

　　從玉(yu)米機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)示范園區試驗情況看，在種(zhong)植環節(jie)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)玉(yu)米機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)精量播種(zhong)技(ji)術，可使粒距合格指數達到80%以(yi)上(shang)，漏播率(lv)降(jiang)低到2%，空穴率(lv)＜5%，傷種(zhong)率(lv)≤1.5%，畝(mu)(mu)節(jie)種(zhong)子1.5㎏，每(mei)臺精量播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效(xiao)率(lv)30-70畝(mu)(mu)/天，是(shi)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)植30倍(bei)以(yi)上(shang)；在收(shou)獲(huo)環節(jie)：采用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)械化(hua)收(shou)獲(huo)果穗(sui)損失率(lv)≤3%、籽粒破碎率(lv)≤1%、果穗(sui)含(han)雜率(lv)≤5%，人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)掰穗(sui)需1～1.5個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)日/畝(mu)(mu)，費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)100～120元(yuan)/畝(mu)(mu)(不含(han)運輸(shu)、割秸(jie)稈(gan)及秸(jie)稈(gan)鍘切費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong))，人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)剝皮20元(yuan)/畝(mu)(mu)，人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)收(shou)割秸(jie)稈(gan)60元(yuan)/畝(mu)(mu)，秸(jie)稈(gan)黃貯鍘切加工(gong)(gong)(gong)20～30元(yuan)/畝(mu)(mu)。1臺行玉(yu)米聯合收(shou)獲(huo)機(ji)(ji)能替代70～80個(ge)勞(lao)動力(li)，生產(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)是(shi)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的60倍(bei)以(yi)上(shang)，機(ji)(ji)械收(shou)獲(huo)作(zuo)業費(fei)80～120元(yuan)/畝(mu)(mu)(含(han)運輸(shu)費(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、秸(jie)稈(gan)還田或秸(jie)稈(gan)鍘切回收(shou))，與人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)收(shou)獲(huo)玉(yu)米相(xiang)比(bi)，畝(mu)(mu)節(jie)約(yue)作(zuo)業成本100元(yuan)。

　　在(zai)設施農業(ye)(ye)生產方面，人工管(guan)理一(yi)棟溫棚保(bao)溫簾一(yi)個人起(qi)落(luo)須1-1.5小時(shi)，電動卷簾機每棚起(qi)落(luo)用(yong)時(shi)只需(xu)10分鐘，采用(yong)機械(xie)耕整、卷簾、等(deng)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)效率(lv)是人工作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)的15～20倍。